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Underground Structures Worldwide - Under Construction
Why go underground
Environmental Reasons
Land use and location
Isolation Considerations
Wildlife Protection
Topographic reasons
Social reasons
Indirect benefits
Social Balance
Economical reasons
Costs
Financing
Risks
How to go underground
Design
Geology
Site investigation
Geotechnics
Design methods
Ground treatment
Support Systems
Environment
Monitoring
Construction Methods
Conventional Tunnelling
Mechanised Tunnelling
Surface Tunnelling
Subaquatic Tunnelling
Combination of Methods (mechanised and conventional)
Operation
Equipment
Monitoring (Auscultation)
Maintenance
Rehabilitation
Upgrading
Research
ITA University Network
Theses
Use of underground Space
Transport
Urban Environment
Interurban Environment
Energy and Water
Urban Utilities
Non Urban Utilities
Other Subsurface Facilities
Public Buildings
Goods Storage
Industial Facilities
Military Facilities
Mining
Tunnels Shafts and Caverns
Architecture
Case Histories
History
Ancient Period
XIX Century (before 1914)
1914-1950
1950-1980
After 1980
Case
Trans Tokyo Bay - Japan
Seikan tunnel - Japan
Seoul metro - Korea
SMART - Malaysia
Case records & Statistics
Longest, Deepest, Biggest ...
Statistics
Future Projects
Asia
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Europe
North America
South America
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WTC'11 - Helsinki - Finland
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Why go underground
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Economical reasons
Economical Reasons
Costs
Financing
Risks
